avoid的过去式与过去分词都是加-ed,avoided
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种
一、规则变化:
1、一般在动词原形后加-ed 如: look looked
2、以-e结尾的动词加-d 如:move moved
3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。如:study studied、carry carried
4、以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed。如:Play played 、enjoy enjoyed
5、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:Stop stopped、plan planned
6、以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-ed。如:Prefer preferred、refer referred
二、不规则变化
英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则:
1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。(AAA型)
例:cost(花费) cost cost
cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit
hurt 伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let
put(放) put put
read (读) read read
2.过去式与过去分词完全同形(ABB型)
例:mean(意思是) meant meant
catch(抓住) caught caught
teach(教) taught taught
bring(带来) brought brought
fight (战斗) fought fought
buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought
hear (听见) heard heard
sell(卖) sold sold
3.动词原形与过去分词同形(ABA型)
become(变成) became become
come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。(ABC型)
begin(开始) began begun
drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung
sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum
提示:
a. beat的过去式与原形同形:
比:beat(打击) beat(过去式) beaten(过去分词)
b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同
比:lie lied, lied(说谎)
lay, lain(躺,位于)
c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同
比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑)
hung, hung(挂,吊)
d. welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词
比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)
welcome, welcome(误)
e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词
比:hit(打) hit, hit(正)
hitted, hitted(误)